Kerala is one of the 28 states in India which is placed on the Malabar coast of the South west India. Kerala was formed on the 1st of November 1956 when all the Malayalam speaking regions were put together. Kerala is bordered by Karnataka in the north and northeast, Tamil Nadu in the east and south and the Arabian sea on the west. Thiruvananthapuram, earlier known as Trivandrum is the capital city of the state Kerala. Kochi / Cochin and Kozhikode / Calicut are the other important cities in Kerala state.
Kerala's western coastal area is flat and is criss crossed by a network of brackish canals, estuaries, lakes, streams and rivers. The area is known as the Backwaters of Kerala, lake Vembanad being the most important one of all. There are 44 rivers in Kerala the most important of them are The Periyar, The Bharathapuzha, The Pamba, The Chaliyar, Kadalundipuzhathe valapattanam and the Achankovil. Most of the rivers in Kerala are monsoon fed and due to all these conditions Kuttanad is always under water as most parts of it is below sea level.
Kerala state has 14 districts namely Kasaragod, Kannur, Wayanad, Kozhikode, Palakkad, Thrisur, Ernakulam, Kottayam, Alappuzha, Pathanamthitta, Kollam and Thiruvananthapuram.
Kerala has 2 National Highways running through it. NH47 and NH 17. NH 17 connects Edappalli to Panvel in Maharashtra and the NH47 is from Salem to Kanyakumari in the state of Tamil Nadu but passes through most of the southern districts of Kerala. The other NH running through Kerala are NH 49 from Kochi to Dhanushkoti, NH208 from Kollam to Thirumangalam, NH212 from Kozhikode to ysore, NH 213 Kozhikode to Palakkad, NH220 from Kollam to Theni.
Kerala has three international airports namely Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi and Kozhikode. All of these airports are easily accessible through Road and rail.
The railway network in the state is controlled by three divisions of Southern Railway, namely Trivandrum Railway Division, Palakkad Railway Division and Madurai Railway Division. Thiruvananthapuram Central is the busiest railway station in the state and second busiest in the Southern Railway Zone after Chennai Central. Kerala's major railway stations are Kannur, Kozhikode, Tirur, Shornur Junction, Palakkad Junction, Thrissur, Angamaly For Kalady, Ernakulam Town, Ernakulam Junction, Alappuzha, Kottayam, Tiruvalla, Chengannur, Kayamkulam Junction, Kollam Junction and Thiruvananthapuram Central.
Kerala has Inland Water transport with its numerous backwaters. The transport is mainly with country craft and passenger vessels. There are 67 navigable rivers in Kerala and the total length is about 1687 kms. There is a National Highway no 3 which is a 203 kilometer canal runs between Kollam and Kottapuram.
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